Mathematics:National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), Mathematics, Achieved. Please note: our offer terms and conditions will generally be available in the September of the calendar year prior to the year in which you begin your studies.
university of surrey veterinary medicine entry requirements University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH, Accessibility | Data protection | Cookies | Disclaimer | Freedom of information|Modern Slavery Statement (PDF), University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom. Required subjects:HL6/ SL7 in biology and chemistry. Typical International Baccalaureate requirements: 36-38 points.
Search - UCAS We do not accept theGhanaian Senior Secondary School Certificate. View theother English language qualifications that we accept. Unfortunately, due to the volume of applications received, we will be unable to give detailed feedback following rejection of an application. Our registration terms and conditions will vary to take into account specifics of your course and changes for the specific academic year. We do not accept school leaving qualifications from Oman. For courses that have specific subject requirements at A-level. The course does not accept applications for deferred entry. You can view details and manage settings at any time on our cookies policy page. 12 weeks of pre-clinical placements (animal husbandry extramural studies - AHEMS), Veterinary pathology and public health (VPPH), Where practices have their own accommodation, well cover the full cost of this with the practice directly. Applicants are expected to have gained a minimum of four weeks of animal-related work experience, including at least one week in a veterinary practice. *If maths is required A-Level subject then the student must have studied "Extensive mathematics" (not Narrow Mathematics)*. *Typical roles include: Some students also use this course to apply for further study, including postgraduate research. * This is the largest survey of employment and further study outcomes for UK graduates. +44 (0)1483 300800, View Veterinary Medicine and Science - 2023 entry, Join our students live on Instagram every Tuesday at 7pm, Veterinary Medicine and Science BVMSci (Hons), STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 1: CELLS AND GENES IN CONTEXT, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 2: INTEGUMENT AND ALIMENTARY SYSTEMS, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 3: CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 4: HAEMOPOIETIC AND NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEMS, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 5: UROLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 6: ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSES AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS, FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE THREE - PATHOLOGY OF THE INTEGUMENT AND ALIMENTARY SYSTEMS, FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE FOUR - PATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR, RESPIRATORY AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS, FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE FIVE - PATHOLOGY OF THE HAEMOPOIETIC AND LYMPHOID SYSTEMS AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY OF BODY SYSTEMS, FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE SIX - PATHOLOGY OF THE UROLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS, FOUNDATIONS OF DISEASE SEVEN - PATHOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE AND NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSE, ANIMALS IN SOCIETY II: CONCEPTS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH, GENERAL PATHOLOGY AND CONCEPTS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE, VETERINARY RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE-BASED VETERINARY MEDICINE, FUNDAMENTALS OF VETERINARY PRACTICE III : ANAESTHESIA, SURGERY AND PATIENT CARE, Code of practice for the scheduling of teaching and assessment (PDF), admissions procedure for this course (PDF), code of practice for recognition of prior learning and prior credit: taught programmes (PDF), View a complete listing of all ongoing fees for our undergraduate courses, 1 in two subjects and 2 in all other subjects, 1 in one subject and 2 in all other subjects, Matura (Reifeprfung), Mathematics 4 (genugend), Matura (Reifeprfung), Mathematics 3 (befriedigend), Matura (Reifeprfung), Mathematics 2 (gut), Getuigschrift van hoger secundair onderwijs: 12/20 or 6/10 or 60% Certificat d'enseignement secondaire suprieur / Abschlusszeugnis der Oberstufe des Sekundarunterrichts / Dipoloma van Secundair onderwijs:10/20 or 5/10 or 50%, Getuigschrift van hoger secundair onderwijs: 14/20 or7/10 or 70% Certificat d'enseignement secondaire suprieur / Abschlusszeugnis der Oberstufe des Sekundarunterrichts / Dipoloma van Secundair onderwijs:11/20 or 6/10 or 55%, Getuigschrift van hoger secundair onderwijs: 16/20 or8/10 or 80%, Svjedodba o Drzavnoj Maturi, Mathematics 2, Svjedodba o Drzavnoj Maturi, Mathematics 2.5, Svjedodba o Drzavnoj Maturi, Mathematics 3, Apolytirion or Lykeion, 14 in a mathematics-based subject (inc Accounting), Apolytirion or Lykeion, 15 in a mathematics-based subject (inc Accounting), 1 overall with no less than 2 in any subject and at least two scores of 1, 1.3 overall with no less than 2 in any subject and at least one score of 1, 1.5 overall with no less than 2 in any subject, 1.7 overall with no less than 2.5 in any subject. 50% in January of the same academic year. French speaking - Certificat de Maturite / Certificat de Maturie Catonal reconnu par la Confederatio, German speaking - Katonales Maturitatszeugnis / Maturitat, Italian speaking - Attestato di Maturita / Attestato di Maturita Cantonale Riconosciuto dalla Confederzione. Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) / Standard XII , English 70% from CBSE or ISC exam boards. This is a regulated course that requires declaration of criminal convictions at the application stage, please visit ourcriminal convictions web pagefor more information. A broad range of experience is an advantage. English: Senior Certificate (with matriculation endorsement), English at grade C (Standard Grade)or grade E (Higher Grade). Applications with incomplete information may also be rejected at this stage.
PDF Admissions processes and entry requirements for UK veterinary schools Alternatively, where mathematics is not studied as part of the Maturitn skka, we will accept mathematicsin the Y11 or Y12 high school transcript at the same grades outlined above. Youll benefit from hands-on learning in ourtwomulti-million poundVeterinary Clinical Skills Centres.
Veterinary Medicine and Science - The Uni Guide Your practice may run in-house seminars, arrange study afternoons, or carry out journal clubs, where a veterinary professional will discuss past cases and complete guided learning with you. You arent required to have a driving licence but having one and a vehicle will make it easier for you to commute to your allocated practice, especially if youre happy to drive yourself and other students. In your final year of study, youll complete seven, 4-week intramural placements away from the University, to experience general practice. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Luxembourg.
The Best UK Universities for Veterinary Medicine Degree | SI-UK Throughout your IMR, youll keep a written portfolio of your work, including case reports, referral letters andcritique of isolation facilities. 85per centin all written standard level subjects, including three extended level subjects, each at 80per cent. Study a hands-on curriculum, designed in collaboration with our partnership of vet methods and scientist research institutes, where you'll learn to hit the diverse requirements +44 (0)1483 300800. This event is for students in Year 11 https://t.co/oiIusFN3OJ 20 Level 3 credits in the required subject, with Excellence (E) in 15 credits. The one grade reduction will not apply to any required subjects. If you are studying for an Indian qualification, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. During your second year, youll learnabout epidemiology, infectious diseases, and pathology, using clinical case studiesand a One Healthapproach. 90 per cent in all written standard level subjects including three extended level subjects, each at 85 per cent. Please note: If you are studying in Northern Cyprus and are looking for our Lise Diplomasi equivalents please visit our Turkey page. All applications for entry to a Veterinary Medicine programme in a UK Veterinary School have to be submitted to UCAS by16 October 2023for a September 2024 start (this includes overseas applicants). Why choose this course-Study a hands-on curriculum, designed in collaboration with our partnership of veterinary practices and scientific research institutes, where you'll learn to meet the diverse needs of companion, production, equine, laboratory animals, and exotic and wildlife species.-You'll be able to study on courses ranked 3rd in the UK by the Complete University . We recognise that many students enter their higher education course with valuable knowledge and skills developed through a range of professional, vocational and community contexts. If you are studying for Singaporean qualifications, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. Before you go out on placement, well work with you to set objectives, which well map againstday one competencies (PDF)outlined by the RCVS. You canned go your degree with either a UKVI-approved Secure English Language Test (SELT), or an accepted alternative equivalent assessment, pending you meet all an programme entry requirements. For on call and weekend shifts, youll usually be provided with a rota, to ensure you have enough downtime in between your shifts. 100% of our veterinary medicine and science graduates go on to employment or furtherstudy. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Austria. *Please see the latest update from the College Board regarding SAT Subject Tests. The table below shows grade equivalencies for New Zealand. See 'travel' sectionand 'accommodation' section for information on costs during final year. Please see the table below for our grade equivalencies: Where there is a subject-specific requirement, students should achieve the same % in that subject (e.g. See how learners rated Veterinary Drugs and Science at University of Surrey. We do not accept school leaving qualifications from Iraq. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Spain. There have been opportunities for me to work with a huge variety of species, ranging from sharks to servals! Applicants who were not required to take grade 12 English, or did not reach the required grade, will be required to take a recognised English language test. English: Singapore/Cambridge O-levelEnglish at grade C. The Singapore Integrated Programme satisfies the English requirement. The table below shows grade equivalencies for France. Once short-listed for interview, you will be sent an invitation to a Multiple Mini Interview, which will take place online. However, if youd like to go over any cases youve been working on and any topics that youre less familiar with, you can arrange a session with your allocated LCVP. Cambridge Overseas Higher School Certificate/GCE Advanced LevelAccepted with the same requirements as UK A-levels. We do not accept Ukrainian school leaving qualifications. We will look at the QQI Level 5 Certificateon a case by case basis depending on module relevance to chosen degree programme. For the minimum standard for GCSE Mathematics onlywe can also accept: If you studied theCertificat de Culture Generale then we may need an IELTS or equivalent to meet our minimum standards for English Language. If you are studying for a Latvian qualification, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses.
Veterinary Medicine and Science PhD - University of Surrey Learn fromacademicswho are registered veterinary practitioners and researchers, in addition to a multidisciplinary team of veterinary specialists from our partner organisations. Full details of the contact hours for each module are available from the University of Surrey'smodule catalogue. All India Secondary School Examination, C2. We do not accept the Upper Secondary School Graduation Diploma. If you are studying for Greek qualifications, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Czech Republic. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Portugal. If you are studying for an Irish qualification, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. Required subjects: Biology grade A and Chemistry grade A. The demands of final year IMR placements may impact on your ability topursue paid employment during both semester and holiday time. Unfortunately, we are unable to provide an outcome based on an enquiry (via email, webform enquiry, phone or live chat). If you are studying for Belgian qualifications, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. Veterinary science These courses take between five to six years to complete and provide the pathway to become professionally qualified as a veterinary surgeon. *Certificado de fim de Estudos Secundrios* 10, *Certificado de fim de Estudos Secundrios* 11, *Certificado de fim de Estudos Secundrios* 12, Graduado en Educacion Secundaria (GES) 5 / Titulo de Bachillerato 5, Graduado en Educacion Secundaria (GES) 6 / Titulo de Bachillerato 5, Graduado en Educacion Secundaria (GES) 7/ Titulo de Bachillerato 6, A grades in the majority of subjects (18.5 points), A and B grades in the majority of subjects (18 points), B grades in the majority of subjects (17.5 points), B grades in the majority of subjects (17 points), B grades in the majority of subjects (16.5 points), B and C grades in the majority of subjects (15.5 points), B and C grades in the majority of subjects (14.5 points), C grades in the majority of subjects (13.5 points), Any of the above Matura qualifications with 5.0 overall, Any of the aboveMatura qualifications with 5.0 overall, Any of the aboveMatura qualifications with 4.8overall, Any of the above Matura qualifications with 4.5 overall, Any of the above Matura qualifications with 4.4 overall, Any of the above Matura qualifications with 4.3 overall, Any of the above Matura qualifications with 4.2 overall, Any of the above Matura qualifications with 4.1 overall, Certificat de Maturit / Kantonales Maturittszeugnis / Maturitt - 4.0, Certificat de Maturit / Kantonales Maturittszeugnis / Maturitt - 4.1, Certificat de Maturit / Kantonales Maturittszeugnis / Maturitt - 4.2, Lise Diplomasi with 65% in the final year, Lise Diplomasi with 60% in the final year, Lise Diplomasi with 55% in the final year, 1350 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 700 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each), 1320 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 700 in three SAT Subject Tests*(each), 1290 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 650 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each), 1290 in the SAT Evidence-based Reading and Writing, and Mathematics Tests (combined) and 650 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each), 1290 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 600 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each), 1290 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 550 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each), 1290 in SAT Reasoning (combined) and 500 in three SAT Subject Tests* (each). The references to evidence your work experience must be provided byearly 2024 - dates to be confirmed. Read our full disclaimer. Start date: September 2024 View Veterinary Medicine and Science - 2023 entry How to apply Open days Prospectus Clearing 2023 Overview Course details Course structure Entry requirements Fees and funding Placements Why choose this course 4th In the UK by the Complete University Guide 2024 Over 90% Well also give you a list of skills to practise. The annual tuition fees for courses starting in September 2024. For further information on these entry requirements, please explore our dedicatedChina site(). 90 per centin all written standard level subjects including three extended level subjects, each at 90 per cent. If maths does not appear in the final Certifcado de fim de Estudos Secundarios (or other named qualifications above) or if the above grades were not met, we can accept maths in the Y9 high school transcript at the following grades: We do not accept Qatar school leaving qualifications. You will have the opportunity to provide further information about your completed animal related work experience. For veterinary medicine by theComplete University Guide 2024, Satisfaction scorefor veterinary medicine and science in theNational Student Survey 2022, Of our veterinary medicine and science graduates go on to employment or further study after graduation (Graduate Outcomes 2023, HESA). 70 per centin all written standard level subjects, including three extended level subjects, each at 65 per cent.
PDF Admissions processes and entry requirements for UK veterinary schools Wednesday afternoons are normally reserved for sports and cultural activities. Study a hands-on curriculum, designed in collaboration with our partnership of veterinary practices and scientific research institutes, where youll learn to meet the diverse needs of companion, production, equine, laboratory animals, and exotic and wildlife species. The table below shows grade equivalencies for South Africa. By working together we can train and inspire the veterinary leaders of the future and fund pioneering research programmes that aim to advance animal health, care and wellbeing. English: Applicants who have completed Grade 12 Canadian High School/Secondary School qualifications should achieve grade B or 75% in a grade 12 English module. By accepting, you agree to cookies being stored on your device. Typical entry requirements range from AAA - CCC at A-level, 30-34 points in the International Baccalaureate, or 65-85% froman approved International Foundation Year. If you are studying for Bulgarian qualifications, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses.
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine : Entry requirements - The University of Our research aims to advance knowledge in all aspects of veterinary medicine and education.
17 APR 2023 See all news Events Stay connected Latest tweets @SurreyVet The webinar for the WPVSN National virtual Visit on June 13th is now open. Did you knoweligible students receivesupport through their applicationto Surrey, which could include a grade reduction on offer? If you are studying for American qualifications, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. Doing my first surgery at the neutering clinic, and being surrounded and encouraged by my friends from my course while I did it, is my favourite memory. View entry requirements for students from: India China United States of America Nigeria Greece Italy Canada Hong Kong Malaysia Pakistan.
Veterinary science - UCAS All applicants for undergraduate courses must also meet a minimum standard in English and Mathematics.
BVM&S Veterinary Medicine (Graduate Entry Programme - The University of Upon successful completion, you can progress to this degree course. Source: Longitudinal Education Outcomes (LEO) by UK Department for Education Dec 20, 2022. Please contact Admissions on +44 (0)1483 682222 with any queries. Youll also have practical classes atourVeterinary Pathology Centre, home to our microscopy suites, pathology laboratories, post-mortem examination room and viewing gallery. English: Grade 12 High School Diploma, English C. Mathematics:Grade 12 High School Diploma, Mathematics C. Alternatively, an overall SAT score of 1290/1600 (critical reading, writing and mathematics) with a minimum of 600 in each component. Search for entry requirements for your country if your country isn't in this list. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Uganda. The University will assess your fee status. If you are studying forqualifications in the Netherlands, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. Mathematics: Grade 11 Secondary School Diploma, Mathematics Pass. Laboratory-basedpracticals(e.g. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Belgium. We do not accept school leaving qualifications from Botswana. See the modulessection for more information. All applicants who are made an offer to study Veterinary Medicine and Science by the University of Surrey will be offered the opportunity to attend an offer holder day. Some courses may require higher grades in English and Mathematics and/or additional subjects, so please check the requirements provided on individual course pages. Each CIM receives extensive training from us, to ensure they can give you the best on-the-ground support. Modules listed are indicative, reflecting the information available at the time of publication. 60 per centin all written standard level subjects, including three extended level subjects, each at 55 per cent. Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) / Standard XII, English 80%from the majority of Indian state boards (excludingHaryana, Andhra Pradesh/Telangana/U.P/Bihar/Gujrat/Punjab). We do not acceptthe General Secondary Education Certificate. Please note: you will need the Advanced and Intermediate, so for BBB in the UK A-levels we would ask for BB MEC Advanced and BBB MEC Intermediate. If you are studying for a Hungarian qualification, you will need a suitable equivalent grade to apply for our undergraduate courses. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Malta. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Cyprus.
PDF University of Surrey Veterinary Medicine and Science Admissions Embarking on a veterinary course can seem a daunting prospect. However, although intensive, training to be a veterinary surgeon can be an
BVSc Veterinary Science - Aberystwyth University Youll have a clinical instruction mentor (CIM) out in practice, whos a registered veterinary surgeon with an interest in teaching and mentoring. Proportion of students of this particular course unemployed and not studying 15 months after their course ended. After this time, if the completed questionnaire has not been received the application may be rejected. As a student at Surrey, you can also sign up to our free courses in the following areas: Living in student accommodation is a great way to meet new people andspark friendships. If youre allocated a placement location deemed non-commutable from your home base, youll need to stay in accommodation nearer to your allocated practice.
PDF University of Surrey Veterinary Medicine and Science Admissions Process Throughout your placements, youll work a variety of shifts, including being on call, to ensure you get an accurate representation of working in a veterinary setting. 0% unemployed. Hojere Forberedelseseksamen (HF) / Hojere Handelseksamen (HHX) / Hojere Teknisk Eksamen (HTX) / Studentereksamen (STX) - 02 Folkeskolens 10 Klasseprove - 7, Hojere Forberedelseseksamen (HF) / Hojere Handelseksamen (HHX) / Hojere Teknisk Eksamen (HTX) / Studentereksamen (STX) - 04 Folkeskolens 10 Klasseprove - 10, Hojere Forberedelseseksamen (HF) / Hojere Handelseksamen (HHX) / Hojere Teknisk Eksamen (HTX) / Studentereksamen (STX) - 04 Folkeskolens 10 Klasseprove - 12, 95% overall and scores of 5.0 in at least three individual subjects, 90% overall and scores of 5.0 in at least three individual subjects, 85% overall and scores of 4.5 in at least three individual subjects, 80% overall and scores of 4.5 in at least three individual subjects, 75% overall and scores of 4.0 in at least three individual subjects, 70% overall and scores of 4.0 in at least three individual subjects, 65% overall and scores of 4.0 in at least three individual subjects, 60% overall and scores of 3.5 in at least three individual subjects, *Ylioppilastutkinto*/*Studentexamen*, A / 2, *Ylioppilastutkinto*/*Studentexamen*, B / 3, *Ylioppilastutkinto*/*Studentexamen*, C / 4, Abitur - 10 Realschulabschluss / Mittlere Reife / Mittlerer Schulabschluss / Erweiterter Realschulabschluss / Fachoberschulreife /Fachhochschulreife / Sekundarabschluss - 2, Abitur -11 Realschulabschluss / Mittlere Reife / Mittlerer Schulabschluss / Erweiterter Realschulabschluss / Fachoberschulreife /Fachhochschulreife / Sekundarabschluss - 2, Abitur -11 Realschulabschluss / Mittlere Reife / Mittlerer Schulabschluss / Erweiterter Realschulabschluss / Fachoberschulreife /Fachhochschulreife / Sekundarabschluss - 1, Apolytirion or Lykeion, 14 in a mathematics-based subject, Apolytirion or Lykeion, 15 in a mathematics-based subject, 5, 5 in twoadvanced level subjects and 5, 5, 5 in three intermediate level subjects, 5, 5 in twoadvanced level subjects and 5, 5, 4 in three intermediate level subjects, 5, 5 in two advanced level subjects and 5, 4, 4 in three intermediate level subjects, 5, 5 in twoadvanced level subjects and 4, 4, 4 in three intermediate level subjects, 5, 4 in two Advanced Level subjects and 5, 4, 4 in three Intermediate Level subjects, 5, 4 in two Advanced Level subjects and 4, 4, 4 in three Intermediate Level subjects, 4, 4 in two Advanced Level subjects and 4, 4, 4 in three Intermediate Level subjects, 4, 4 in two Advanced Level subjects and 4, 4, 3 in three Intermediate Level subjects, H4, H4, H4, H4, H5, H5 H4, H4, H4, H4, O1, O1, 9.5 overall with at least 80% in three state exams, 9.0 overall with at least 80% in three state exams, 8.5 with at least 80% in three state exams, 8.0 with at least 80% in one state exam and 75% in 2 state exams, 7.5 - with at least 75% in three state exams, 7.5 - with at least 75% in two state exams and 70% in one state exam, 7.0 -with at least 75% in one state exams and 70% in two state exams, 6.5 - with at least 70% in three state exams, Atestts par visprjo vidjo izgltbu - Pass (4), Atestts par visprjo vidjo izgltbu - Pass (5), Atestts par visprjo vidjo izgltbu - Pass (6), 9.5 with at least 95% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 9.0 with at least 90% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 9.0 with at least 87% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 8.5 with at least 85% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 8.0 with at least 80% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 7.5 - with at least 75% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 7.0 - with at least 75% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 7.0 -with at least 70% in three state exams, including relevant subjects, 6.5 with at least 70% in three state exams, B3 in five subjects (excluding Chinese and Malay), B4in five subjects (excluding Chinese and Malay), B4 in five subjects(excluding Chinese and Malay), B5 in five subjects (excluding Chinese and Malay), VWO/Hoger Algemeen Voortgezet Onderwijs (HAVO) diploma 6, VWO/Hoger Algemeen Voortgezet Onderwijs (HAVO) diploma 6.5, NCEA Level 3 with Merit endorsement including 30 level 3 credits at Excellence, NCEA Level 3 with Merit endorsement including 27 level 3 credits at Excellence, NCEA Level 3 with Merit endorsement including 24 Level 3 credits at Excellence. The table below shows grade equivalencies for Slovenia. Apply work experience reflection to future placements.
Introduction to Studying Veterinary Medicine - Course - FutureLearn
Jindal Foundation Csr Grant,
Central Point School District Calendar 23-24,
High End Shopping Daytona Beach,
Crossway Mennonite Church,
Hopewell Valley High School Baseball,
Articles U