TOGAF Business Architecture: Foundation - Good e-Learning This Guide addresses how to provide the architect with a means to articulate, characterize, and visually represent the information that is critical to the business. Not only is it immediately apparent how the business functions at an organizational as well as operational level, but the organization map can be extended to show the relationships between organization units and other Business Architecture domains such as business capabilities. What exactly do we mean by the term business capability? Organization charts and organization maps have different lifecycles and degrees of fluidity. Collaborative teams are typically cross-functional and have a relatively temporary lifespan much shorter than a business unit or department that is shown on the organization chart. Identifying the processes within a business capability provides a focus for maturing the capability in concert with the other capability components. When used within the context of Enterprise Architecture, Information Mapping establishes the vocabulary used to articulate strategy and build key Business Architecture artifacts such as capability maps and value stream maps. Structure of the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM). There may also be information that the capability exchanges with other capabilities to support the execution of value streams. Looking at the starter set of capabilities above there are cases in which it is not clear what the operative business concept is: As such, it is a common source of duplication in which IT may have its own Finance, HR, or other capabilities. Creating these structures will allow them to focus on those capabilities that are most important or relevant to their sphere of influence: stratification and leveling. Thus, the framework maps directly onto these types of . As one of the four core elements of Business Architecture,[1] the organization map provides a key perspective: the organizational context for Enterprise Architecture. That document describes capability-based planning, which is a way of creating a line of sight between objectives and goals, and the organizations capability, as well as changing initiatives. Comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to: The Open Group, Apex Plaza, Forbury Road, Reading, Berkshire, RG1 1AX, United Kingdom, 4The Relationship to Business Capabilities, Value Streams, and
The first version of TOGAF, developed in 1995, was That said, in order for a capability to be defined, we need to understand how the capability is realized in the form of people, processes, information, and resources. That is, the organization map covers the entire enterprise including the broader ecosystem of suppliers, partners, and stakeholders. Full details and a catalog are available at www.opengroup.org/library. This insight is gained through mapping the business capabilities to different business perspectives and viewpoints. Applying this guide, the Enterprise Architect can draw a much richer relationship between organizational entities, business capabilities, and information concepts to shape the path for implementing systems, applications, data models, and infrastructure. An important objective of Business Architecture is to clarify and obtain consensus on the terms and concepts of business information. This relationship mapping provides greater insight into the alignment and optimizations of each of these domains. Identifying and analyzing the efficiency of the underlying processes helps to optimize the business capabilitys effectiveness. This elevates the transparency and value of information and improves the overall organizational effectiveness. TOGAF is an architecture framework - The Open Group Architecture Framework. TOGAF Series Guide: Information Mapping - The Open Group All rights reserved. Learn Basics of TOGAF Foundations - Simplilearn The TOGAF framework helps businesses . The TOGAF Standard is a proven enterprise methodology and framework used by the worlds leading organizations to improve business efficiency. For example, a business capability maturity heat map shows capabilities at the desired level of maturity is green; one level away is yellow; and two or more levels away are red. Finally, Information Maps have a relationship to stakeholder maps. Introduction As show in the table, this part provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts of enterprise architecture and, in particular, to the TOGAF approach. The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, most of which is focused on development of Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers, technical studies, certification and testing documentation, and business titles. This virtual team spans more than 40 practitioners working on all dimensions of Enterprise Architecture. This Document This document is a TOGAF Series Guide to Business Capabilities. PDF Sample Catalogs, Matrices and Diagrams - togaf.info Does the business have what is necessary, or too much to succeed? The Open Group publishes a wide range of technical documentation, most of which is focused on development of Standards and Guides, but which also includes white papers, technical studies, certification and testing documentation, and business titles. Information Maps are a part of the core set of artifacts that provide a powerful representation of the business. The next step is often to describe business capabilities, to outline which organization units have which business capabilities (with a many-to-many mapping); a powerful construct that can help understand many issues around authority, investments, information flow, and change management. Small and medium companies may benefit with EA practice but it is not an absolute requirement for successful cloud transformation. Independent of mapping to business capabilities, however, organization units can also have relationships to location or other attributes that make meaningful distinctions between the units but are not themselves an organizational element. TOGAF Series Guide: Organization Mapping - The Open Group The key distinction is that the elements of a business capability can change regularly, whereas the business capability itself can endure over longer planning horizons. Role-specific business capabilities should be reviewed as they may be just a component of another business capability, or they may need further elaboration to become a more fully described business capability. While it isnt always necessary to show the attributes for every information concept on every diagram, it is necessary to define all the attributes for all the business entities somewhere. These four pillars with identified maps within the scope of the Enterprise Architecture effort and appropriate relationships mapped across the pillars ensure that the scope and reach of the full Enterprise Architecture is understood in order to set the stage for later solutions across processes, roles, technologies (applications, infrastructure), and data models. Taken together with the methods outlined in Phase B of the TOGAF framework as well as the associated Business Architecture-focused Guides,[2] the organization map provides an understanding of which organizational units to involve in the architecture effort, who with and when to talk about a given requirement, and how to measure the impact of various decisions. This is a key distinction since using value streams directly to drive usage of information probably indicates the architect is really modeling the implemented business process, not the value-delivering activities at a more abstract level. The organization map identifies the business units or third parties that possess or use business capabilities, which participate in the value streams and have a relationship with business information concepts. Steve has been contributing to The Open Group standards since 2009 and is a Certified Business Architect (CBA). TOGAF | opengroup.org 8. Organizational structures are naturally also far more transient than business capabilities. A Practical Tutorial for TOGAF - Visual Paradigm TOGAF is a high-level approach to design. This entity has relationships to others such as delivering business capabilities, delivering products, and realizing business functions. The working relationships (informal as well as formal) between each of those entities. Defining the core information concepts that support a particular enterprise provides the core of the Information Mapping view in Business Architecture, which then enables analysis of the relationship between information and other Business Architecture concepts such as business capabilities and value streams. Define and establish Enterprise Architecture team and organization. In order to derive the most value from the Information Map, it is important to maintain independence from the organization map. The ArchiMate Specification further states that: The ArchiMate language in general focuses on the modeling of types, not instances, since this is the most relevant at the Enterprise Architecture level of description. The central oval (the enterprise) should be interpreted as denoting the total scope to be represented in the map, not just as the name of the legal entity. The question is: distribution of what? Figure 2: Business Capabilities and Information Concepts. Information concepts, in effect, reflect the business vocabulary; e.g., client, account, or product. All other brands, company, and product names are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks that are the sole property of their respective owners. [1] A Guide to the Business Architecture Body of Knowledge (BIZBOK), Part 1: Introduction, Figure 1.1 (see Referenced Documents). To the uninitiated, organization maps can appear to be similar to organization charts. In addition, creating a business capability map for the enterprise promotes more of a common understanding of the business. The process of reviewing each of the business capability components helps refine the business capability name and description, and supports the subsequent analysis of business capability gaps, duplications, and redundancies. Organization charts vs. organization maps page 17 3. It establishes a clear need for the existence of the business capability and helps to ensure it is clearly distinguishable from other business capabilities. ), Alec Blair Program Lead, Enterprise Architecture, Alberta Health Services. For example, the stakeholders, concerns, views, and supporting models required to support the transformation of an extended enterprise may be significantly different than those used to support the transition of an in-house IT environment to the cloud; both will use the Architecture Development Method (ADM), start with an Architecture Vision, and develop a Target Architecture on the way to an Implementation and Migration Plan. There are seven Level 2 business capabilities, including Human Resource Performance Determination, which in turn has been decomposed into three Level 3 business capabilities. For example, a business capability named Strategic Planning might be described as the ability to develop and maintain the strategic plan and overall direction of the organization. Value streams, however, do provide the value measurement that drives the assessment of business capability gaps,[1] which in turn are assessed through business information (as well as roles, processes, and resources such as technologies). Governance models and frameworks for: Corporate Business Planning Enterprise Architecture Portfolio, Program, Project Management System Development/Engineering Operations (Service) Tailored Architecture Framework (see the TOGAF Standard Architecture Content ), including: Tailored architecture method It is based on an iterative process model supported by best practices and a re-usable set of existing architecture assets. Stratification is the process of classifying, grouping, and aligning business capabilities within categories, tiers, or layers. The first goal of business capability mapping is to capture and document all of the business capabilities that represent the full scope of what the business does today (irrespective of how well it does it) or what it desires to be able to do in the future. How should business capabilities be deployed across multiple business units? This document supersedes the TOGAF Series Guide: Business Capabilities (G189). 4The Relationship to Business Capabilities, Value Streams, and, Working with customers to capture, understand, and address current and emerging requirements, establish policies, and share best practices, Working with suppliers, consortia, and standards bodies to develop consensus and facilitate interoperability, to evolve and integrate specifications and open source technologies, Offering a comprehensive set of services to enhance the operational efficiency of consortia, Developing and operating the industrys premier certification service and encouraging procurement of certified products, The Authors: Steve DuPont, J. Bryan Lail, and Stephen Marshall, Key Reviewers: Alec Blair, Mats Gejnevall, Chalon Mullins, William Ulrich, Key Enablers: Sonia Gonzalez, Mike Lambert, Reviewers: Samuel Biller, Dave Gilmour, Sonia Gonzalez, Andrew Josey, A Guide to the Business Architecture Body of Knowledge. What is TOGAF? An enterprise architecture methodology for business Figure 6 shows a sample recruit employee value stream and the various value stages mapped to different business capabilities. He currently leads the IBV Global C-suite Study program in Asia-Pacific, co-authoring several pieces of thought leadership. Business capabilities are a key building block for developing and optimizing a Business or Enterprise Architecture. [1] A Guide to the Business Architecture Body of Knowledge (BIZBOK Guide); see Referenced Documents. Organization mapping provides a means for the organization to identify and engage all business units impacted by strategic change early on. Figure 2: ABC Company L1 Business Capability Map. Note the ability to also apply heat mapping to each capability to provide a visual indication of performance, maturity, or some other relevant attribute. Use the published strategy and operational business plans to identify any business capabilities that are considered strategic or core to the organization. An organization map is a Business Architecture blueprint that shows: These two primary characteristics also reflect what distinguishes organization maps from traditional organization charts, which are more likely to portray the reporting lines that exist between named individuals who are in charge of each department (refer to Chapter 3 for a more detailed explanation). This Document This document is a TOGAF Series Guide to Organization Mapping. TOGAF 9 was introduced in 2009, with new details on the overall framework, including increased guidelines and . No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. 4. Stephen Marshall Strategy Consultant, IBM. Business capability analysis and capability-based planning must recognize and evaluate the strength or weakness of each of those relationships in order to develop a complete view of the business, and to isolate those areas to target for improvement. A business capability represents the ability for a business to do something. TOGAF provides the methods and tools for assisting in the acceptance, production, use, and maintenance of an enterprise architecture. Do not describe people in ways that are organizationally specific. His career has spanned physics research, engineering for the Navy and Raytheon, Chief Architect roles, and multiple publications in the application of architecture to business strategy. This document supersedes the previous version published in April 2019. It may be used freely by any organization wishing to develop enterprise architecture for use within that organization. Here, key information types can be shown flowing between organization units. Both can have similar structural elements, and both can be represented by artifacts that use similar representations (such as a node relationships diagram). It visually highlights business capabilities that are performing at a sub-optimal level, or that might not exist in a form that is required to meet some future strategic need. Many business capabilities align to one and only one part of an organization. Because Information Mapping describes information from the perspective of the whole organization, it is ideally suited to enable the management of business information throughout its lifecycle across the organization. Organigraphs: Drawing How Companies Really Work, by Henry Mintzberg and Ludo Van der Heyden, September-October 1999, published by the Harvard Business Review; refer to: The main organizational units, partners, and stakeholder groups that comprise the ecosystem of an enterprise. The Open Group gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the following individual in the development of this document: The Open Group gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the following individuals in the development of the first version of this document: The following documents are referenced in this TOGAF Series Guide. In UML, cardinalities also allow the architect to constrain the number of objects of a certain class that can be related to a single object of the other class. Figure 7: Relationship among Information Types. Architects and planners expect to see a much greater degree of granularity. TOGAF Business Capabilities Guide V2 - The Open Group With more than 870 member organizations, we have a diverse membership that spans all sectors of the technology community customers, systems and solutions suppliers, tool vendors, integrators and consultants, as well as academics and researchers. The mission of The Open Group is to drive the creation of Boundaryless Information Flow achieved by: Further information on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org. In Phase B, the architect builds out the organization map with the detail and relationships to other views needed to ensure the business needs are understood. Although it is . The organization map of the Business Architect also relates to TOGAF operating issues such as business actors, roles, or processes, in the context of using technology solutions. The Open Group is a global consortium that enables the achievement of business objectives through technology standards. Information Maps are also a high-level description of the informational requirements of a business and are a key input into its Information Systems Architecture design. The TOGAF Series Guides are expected to be the most rapidly developing part of the TOGAF Standard and are positioned as the guidance part of the standard. Business Architecture requires a way to talk about business information concepts unhindered by the restrictions of IT systems.