how to achieve universal health coveragehow to achieve universal health coverage

India, ASEAN promise to consolidate sustainable, resilient healthcare Elhadi YAM, Adebisi YA, Abel UV, Daniel EM, Zaghloul A, III DEL-P: National health systems strengthening as the primary strategy to achieve Universal Health Coverage in African countries. The Payment System is another health systems control knob. Challenges of a large health insurance organization in Iran: a qualitative study. 2013;91(11):85363. 2019;22(5):2628. Also, manual search and reference tracking was used to extract additional relevant studies based on citations of the eligible articles and documents. The initial purpose of healthcare systems around the world is to promote and maintain the health of the population. 2020:112. One foreign country expert for research team consultation and poll on the categorization of factors in the framework through email and 5 local Iranian experts in UHC reviewed and discussed the content (as well as the face validity) of the health system control knob framework. The opinions of experts were recorded by using a digital audio recorder and used by the research team to merge, add, and remove affecting factors in the health system control knob framework. Hosp Top. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 2017;16(1):3. Fried ST, Khurshid A, Tarlton D, Webb D, Gloss S, Paz C, et al. 2015;21(2):16. In my experience, most countries do not know what the structure of their health system is or how it works. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. 2013;28(5):53648. Prioritising these three areas will enhance Pakistan's ability to achieve universal health coverage, meet its Sustainable Development Goals, and improve the overall health outcomes. Cairo: World Health Organization. 2020;12:45972. The analysis process was started by studying the findings and making evidence-based inferences about organizing codes. This can make this control knob more powerful and turn it into an executive arm (stakeholder control system) among the control knobs. Appendix 2- Characteristics of extracted studies with consideration to affecting factors to achieving UHC in Iran. It covers the full continuum of essential health services, from health promotion to prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care. Article The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. After the categorization affecting factors based on the health system control knob framework was refined through the research team, the draft version of the categorization was entered in the final phase. Iran J Public Health. Xu Y, Huang C, Coln-Ramos U: Moving toward universal health coverage (UHC) to achieve inclusive and sustainable health development: three essential strategies drawn from Asian experience: comment onImproving the Worlds health through the Post-2015 development agenda: perspectives from Rwanda. Haldane V, Chuah FLH, Srivastava A, Singh SR, Koh GCH, Seng CK, et al. A study conducted in 11 different countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Indonesia, Japan, Peru, Thailand, Turkey, and Vietnam) with different UHC status showed that countries must have both of the necessary technical and political knowledge to move towards UHC [125]. Koohpayehzadeh J, Azami-Aghdash S, Derakhshani N, Rezapour A, Kalajahi RA, Khasraghi JS, et al. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a new approach by which a healthcare system can reach its goals. 2020;98(2):132. and included as part of universal health coverage. Arch Iran Med. Most countries, including the US, are not on track to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3). US signs pact to support Ghana achieve Universal Health Coverage The UHC service coverage index (SDG indicator 3.8.1) increased from 45 in 2000 to 68 in 2019. 2019;1:1. This study was part of a Ph.D. Thesis supported by Iran University of Medical Sciences (Thesis NO: 19114). The concept covers three key elements access, quality, and financial protection. To this, assuring health equity can also help a lot . Alexander Hamilton articulated this argument over two centuries ago. All articles after extraction from the databases using the keywords mentioned were evaluated by two authors using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist. Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development 2015;351. Google Scholar. UHC law in practice: legal access rights to health care: country profiles: Germany, Japan, Kenya. The first step was to decrease OOP payments, extending insurance coverage, and improving the quality of health services in target populations Second step was about providing all services, drugs, and equipment needed by the inpatient wards, and the third one was about updating the tariffs on medical services [18,19,20]. Cheng S-H, Chen C-C, Tsai S-L. This was contained in a statement issued by the US State Department, copied to the Ghana News Agency (GNA), Accra. Universal health coverage is within our reach As mentioned, community participation has a distinct role regarding societies health behaviors, therefore, the concentration of the health system should be the promotion of social culture and public health. Many of the uninsured . Economic consequences of outsourcing in public hospitals in Iran: a systematic review. Likewise this goal is a mean and end as well in comparison with other goals. 2019;19(1):670. What Is Universal Health Coverage and How Can We Achieve It? I have been improving health service management for the last 25 years or so and it still amazes me how few people know how to translate annual plans into daily, weekly, and monthly results. Doshmangir L, Bazyar M, Rashidian A, Gordeev VS. Iran health insurance system in transition: equity concerns and steps to achieve universal health coverage. By using this website, you agree to our Thailands universal coverage scheme: achievements and challenges. Proc Singapore Healthcare. 2017;27(5):491500. It also creates a mechanism to finance health-service delivery for the poor and vulnerable. Doshmangir L, Bazyar M, Majdzadeh R, Takian A. World Health Organization ROftEM. This is because of various laws and miscellaneous methods of monitoring that are developed and applied by external regulators. Moving toward universal health coverage: four decades of experience from the Iranian health system. PHC is the most inclusive, equitable, cost-effective and efficient approach to enhance people's physical and mental health, as well as social well-being. The most beneficial measures could be the proper use of health resources, promoting health behaviors, improving health literacy, promoting the culture of self-care, and empowering people to participate in strengthening and supporting the health system. Those who do hope to enter the field may find it difficult to get proper training because resources and opportunities tend to be concentrated in certain areas. It enables universal, integrated access to health services as close as possible to people's everyday environments. PubMed Central How a universal health system reduces inequalities: lessons from England. In order to create your account we need you to provide your email address. 2011;26(3):28295. Given the importance of these factors, the researchers did not rule out these cases. JMAJ. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the influential factors to achieve UHC in Iran. Terms and Conditions, Independent Assess First. About 2 billion people are facing catastrophic or impoverishing health spending (SDG indicator 3.8.2). Lancet. This not only means individuals may be discouraged from getting preventative treatment like vaccines, but also means they will wait until their lives hang in the balance to seek medical attention. SDG Target 3.8 | Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all . Am J Trop Med Hygiene. Mehrolhassani M, Najafi B, Yazdi Feyzabadi V, Abolhallaje M, Ramezanian M, Dehnavieh R, et al. Lin V, Leung G, Carter B. Asia-Pacific countries moving toward universal health coverage. In order to achieve UHC by 2030, a holistic approach involving multiple stakeholders is needed. There were no time restrictions. GS Paper - 2 Health Government Policies & Interventions This editorial is based on "HOPS as a Route to Universal Health Care" which was published in The Hindu on 13/04/2022. But a world in which adequate and affordable health services are available to all is not impossible. 2014;11(9):e1001697. Subsequently, abstracts and full texts of the articles were studied, respectively, and studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria and had poor correlation with study aims were identified and excluded. Achieving universal health coverage for mental disorders 2017;27. Norway just opened Europe's longest cycle tunnel, How Kosovo made high-speed internet access a reality for everyone, Dodoma becomes Tanzania's new capital cityafter a 50-year wait, 3 ways countries can invest to buildnext-generation mobility, Scaling Low-Carbon Design and Construction with Concrete: Enabling the Path to Net-Zero for Buildings and Infrastructure, Davos AM23 - Securing Critical Infrastructure - English, is affecting economies, industries and global issues, with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale. Universal health coverage (UHC) means that all people receive the health services they need, including health initiatives designed to promote better health, prevent illness, and to provide the treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care of sufficient quality to be effective while at the same time ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user to financial hardship []. In the last step, the percentage of each dimension of the health system control knob framework was calculated based on the frequency of factors. Health Aff. Achieving universal health coverage is a critical goal that most African countries are striving to achieve. Factors were classified into five dimensions related to the health system control knob framework and one another column. 2018;15(4):2358. 2000;320(7227):1146. BMC Health Serv Res. The whole process of the systematic review was carried out by two researchers independently and disputes were referred to as a third researcher. Iran J Public Health. 2014;13(1):72. The mission, through its Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) initiative, established 150,000 health and wellness centres (HWCs) and provides health insurance coverage to 40% of the country's population - nearly 500 million people, or roughly the equivalent of the entire population of the European Union. Although all countries pursue the same goal, the method and timings are different based on the structure and available resources of the countries as well as the unique factors affecting countries [9]. This is a multi-method study was conducted in four phases: First, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify the factors in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane library, and Science Direct databases, and hand searching google scholar search engine. Lancet. Comparing the health care system of Iran with various countries. Iran J Epidemiol. A list of relevant affecting factors was arrayed as the output of this phase. Culture building and attracting public participation are two crucial elements of this dimension [126,127,128] in achieving the goals of the health system. The present study was conducted in four consecutive stages to identify the factors in the progress towards UHC for Iran. Bahadori M, Ravangard R, Alimohammadzadeh K, Hosseini SM. Correspondence to World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use. Sustainable Development Goal 3.8 sets the following target by 2030: achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality, and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all. Sajadi HS, Ehsani-Chimeh E, Majdzadeh R. Response to: letter to the editor universal health coverage in Iran: where we stand and how we can move forward. I started writing health plans in 1993 when I was working for the Government of Papua New Guinea. Cookies policy. McIntyre D, Ranson MK, Aulakh BK, Honda A: Promoting universal financial protection: evidence from seven low-and middle-income countries on factors facilitating or hindering progress. Article The 2021 UHC Monitoring Report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank highlights slow progress in improving coverage and continuous challenges for health systems to provide financial protection. 2015;42(5):53344. S.A-A & N. D contributed in designing, analyzing and drafting the paper. But addressing the lack of skilled health care workers requires a different kind of approach. In 2022, 84% of countries still reported disruptions. Evans T, Chowdhury A, Evans D, Fidler A, Lindelow M, Mills A, et al. 2019;77(1):5. The framework was designed and recommended in 2004 to improve the performance of countries health systems. For example, coverage of reproductive, maternal, child and adolescent health services tends to be higher among those who are richer, more educated, and living in urban areas, especially in low-income countries. All retrieved studies were screened independently by two authors (ND and MRM). Borgonovi E, Compagni A. Health Promot Int. Finally, factors categorized in the framework axes were reviewed by expert panels and international experts and were reduced to 105 factors (Table1). World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank (WB) databases that host reports related to UHC were also searched. World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized maximum population coverage, health service coverage, and financial protection, as three dimensions of UHC. Finally, these factors through an expert panel were reduced to 105 factors and were classified within the health systems control knobs framework. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. ER SH. Google Scholar. s.parentNode.insertBefore(gcse, s); The conference promised to consolidate sustainable and resilient healthcare systems to achieve Sustainable Development Goals and universal health coverage. 2012;380(9845):93343. Meskarpour Amiri M, Teymourzadeh E, Ravangard R, Bahadori M. Health informal payments and their main determinants: the case of Iran. Categorizing the influencing factors in achieving UHC in the form of an approved framework such as control knobs can give countries the advantage of having a comprehensive analysis of their health system. 2020;20:114. Furthermore, UHC is a way of promoting the populations quality of life while ensuring financial risk protection, equity, and access to essential and quality health services [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Policymakers and managers can use this framework as a useful and practical tool in achieving UHC, depending on the goals of their countrys health system [24]. Ehsani-Chimeh E, Sajadi HS, Majdzadeh R. Iran towards universal health coverage: the role of human resources for health. There is a better way. Responded validity was used to ensure the rigor and accuracy of the results. 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